What to do if there is a debt, but no creditor?

I read a story where a person had a debt based on a court decision, but due to legal nuances, the creditors lost the right to claim, and now no one can officially collect this debt. Please tell me, in such a situation, can I assume that I cannot be temporarily forced to repay the debt, and what will happen to the debt in the future if the creditor never appears? I'm interested in whether this means that over time the debt can be annulled or if someone will still be able to collect it if the proper documents are processed?